皖南汉族的跖纹研究

本文分析了安徽皖南地区520例(男女各260人)汉族健康人的跖纹样本。追踪了跖纹A、B、C、D、E和P线止区,发现A、B、C、D线多止于1区;E 线主要走向13区;p三叉缺失较多,P远侧射线止区较高,而腓侧射线止区较低。母趾球纹为L>W>A。各趾间区真实花纹依次用为Ⅲ>Ⅱ>Ⅳ。足小鱼际远侧真实花纹较多,其他跖区较少。在性别、民族和人种间进行了比较,并对差异的原因进行了讨论。     

石刁柏非胚性细胞与体细胞胚胚体细胞的超微结构研究

对石刁柏（Ａｓｐａｒａｇｕｓｏｆｆｉｃｉｎａｌｉｓ）体细胞胚发生过程中细胞的超微结构进行了观察,非胚性细胞内液泡大,大量的自体吞噬泡出现,胚性细胞内细胞核大,核移中,核仁结构明显,线粒体、质体、核糖体、高尔基体、内质网等细胞器增多,淀粉、脂滴积累,有较活跃的自体吞噬现象,梨形细胞内质体向叶绿体转变。     

石刁柏组织培养中体细胞胚发生的组织细胞学观察

以石刁柏(Asparagus officinalis)无菌苗的嫩茎切段为外植体,在含有1 mg/LNAA+0.5 mg/L BA的MS培养基上可100%地被诱导形成愈伤组织,在此条件下可长期继代,将继代的愈伤组织转入含有2 mg/L 2,4-D 0.5mg/L NAA的MS培养基上后,约有70%的愈伤组织块转变为胚性愈伤组织,这些胚性愈伤组织在3,4-D浓度进一步降低为0.5mg/L的条件下发育形成体细胞胚。切片观察表明:这些胚性愈伤组织是从愈伤组织的表层或近表层产生的。这些细胞核大,多核仁,细胞质浓、染色深的胚性细胞中的一些单个细胞处于与邻近细胞隔离状态,细胞壁也明显加厚。这些单细胞开始分裂,第一次分裂多为不均等分裂,形成一个大的基细胞和一个小的顶细胞,进一步分裂形成三细胞、四细胞、五细胞和具胚柄的多细胞原胚。原胚发育形成球形胚、梨形胚、香蕉形胚,由于在胚的一侧细胞分裂旺盛形成单子叶突起,最后形成子叶胚。其发育过程类似于单子叶植物合子胚的发育过程。     

小麦组织培养中体细胞胚胎发生的细胞胚胎学及淀粉消长动态的研究

小麦幼胚在附加2,4-D 2 mg/L+KT0.5 mg/L+LH 300 mg/L+3%蔗糖的MS 培养基上诱导出愈伤组织,继代2—3次后,降低2,4-D 的浓度,该愈伤组织约以60%的频率转变为胚性愈伤组织,继而形成不同发育期的体细胞胚。这些体细胞胚是起源于愈伤组织表层或近表层的单个胚性细胞,体细胞胚经球形胚、梨形胚、盾片胚、成熟胚而成再生植株。在胚性细胞内淀粉粒大最积累,淀粉颗粒大而密集。随着胚性细胞的分裂,淀粉逐渐被消耗,到多细胞原胚期,胚体细胞内淀粉粒趋于消失。球形胚期淀粉粒又开始积累,但到成熟胚期,淀粉积累只限于生长点区域,尔后随着胚体萌发,淀粉含量又趋于减少。这一消长动态过程与小麦合子胚发生中淀粉代谢动态基本一致。     

甜瓜新品种——兰甜五号的生物学特性及其同工酶分析

兰甜五号是针对退化的麻醉瓜进行选育出的新品种,它具有早熟、耐病毒病、抗其它真菌病害,抗逆性强,含可溶性固形物质达11％左右,并具有麻醉瓜的酒味,亩产2000斤左右,远     

枸杞组织培养中过氧化物酶和可溶性蛋白质的变化

枸杞(Lycium barbarum L.)叶组织切块接种在附加6-BA 0.5毫克/升和NAA 0.5毫克/升的MS固体培养基上可大量诱导产生愈伤组??织,培养至30天分化出芽,到50天长成小苗。过氧化物酶活性和可溶性蛋白质的含量分别在大量分生细胞团形成和芽形成时出现两个峰值,酸性蛋白质的种类也在这两个时期迅速增加。过氧化物酶同工酶阳极端出现的四条酶带中,A_2、A_3较稳定,A_1、A_4则在不同发育时期呈现规律性的变化。     

Study of HIV-1 Drug Resistance in Patients Receiving Free Antiretroviral Therapy in China

To investigate the prevalence of drug-resistance mutations,resistance to antiretroviral drugs,and the subsequent virological response to therapy in treatment-naive and antiretroviral-treated patients infected with HIV/AIDS in Henan,China,a total of 431 plasma samples were collected in Queshan county between 2003 and 2004,from patients undergoing the antiretroviral regimen Zidovudine Didanosine Nevirapine(Azt Ddi Nvp).Personal information was collected by face to face interview.Viral load and genotypic drug resistance were tested.Drug resistance mutation data were obtained by analyzing patient-derived sequences through the HIVdb Program(http://hivdb.stanford.edu).Overall,38.5% of treatment-naive patients had undetectable plasma viral load(VL),the rate significantly increased to 61.9% in 0 to 6 months treatment patients(mean 3 months)(P<0.005)but again significantly decrease to 38.6% in 6 to 12 months treatment patients(mean 9 months)(P<0.001)and 40.0% in patients receiving more than 12 months treatment(mean 16 months)(P<0.005).The prevalence of drug resistance in patients who had a detectable VL and available sequences were 7.0%,48.6%,70.8%,72.3% in treatment-na?ve,0 to 6 months treatment,6 to 12 months treatment,and treatment for greater than 12 months patients,respectively.No mutation associated with resistance to Protease inhibitor(PI)was detected in this study.Nucleoside RT inhibitor(NRTI)mutations always emerged after non-nucleoside RT inhibitor(NNRTI)mutations,and were only found in patients treated for more than 6 months,with a frequency less than 5%,with the exception of mutation T215Y(12.8%,6/47)which occurred in patients treated for more than 12 months.NNRTI mutations emerged quickly after therapy begun,and increased significantly in patients treated for more than 6 months(P<0.005),and the most frequent mutations were K103N,V106A,Y181C,G190A.There had been optimal viral suppression in patients undergoing treatment for less than 6 months in Queshan,Henan.The drug resistance strains were highly prevalent in antiretroviral-treated patients,and increased with the continuation of therapy,with many patients encountering virological failure after 6 months therapy.     

栓菌漆酶在毕赤酵母中高效表达及重组酶的性质

栓菌420(Trametes sp.420)漆酶基因lacD以两种方式在巴斯德毕赤酵母(Pichia pastoris)进行异源表达,产生两种重组漆酶:rLacDx(具有天然N-末端)和rLacDe(N-末端带有8个额外的氨基酸残基)。摇瓶发酵18d,rLacDx和rLacDe的产量分别为1.21×105u/L、7.38×104u/L[以2,2′-连氮-3-乙苯-二噻唑-6磺酸(ABTS)为底物]。在高密度发酵条件下,rLacDx的产量增加到2.39×105u/L,同时其生产周期降至7.5d。两种重组酶对愈创木酚底物的氧化特性相似,且在50℃和pH3~10的范围内均稳定。然而,rLacDx对底物ABTS的比活力(1761u/mg)高于rLacDe(1122u/mg),其表观Km值(427μmol/L)低于rLacDe(604μmol/L)。